A network analysis showed that the microbial network structure was more compact and complex, and the interaction between the bacterial genera was more intense in the high altitude group. Gene function prediction results showed that the amino acid and vitamin metabolic pathways were upregulated in the ultra-high-altitude group. These result show that altitude is an important factor affecting the diversity and community structure of the human oral microbiota.Coronaviruses share conservative spike protein (S) on their enveloped membrane surface, where S1 subunit recognizes and binds the cellular receptor, and the S2 subunit mediates membrane fusion. This similarity raises the question does coronaviral infection by one create protection to others? Convalescent SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) sera were tested for cross reactivity with peptides from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) which shares 74% homology. Our results showed significant cross-reactivity with a peptide of the heptad repeat 2 (HR2) domain of the MERS-CoV spike protein. Sera samples of 47 validated seropositive convalescent COVID-19 patients and 40 sera samples of control patients, collected in pre-COVID time were used to establish cross-bind reactivity with the MERS-CoV peptide. Significantly stronger binding (p  less then  0.0001) was observed for IgG antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients compared to the control group. In ELISA, MERS-CoV peptide helps to discriminate post-COVID-19 populations and non-infected ones by the presence of antibodies in blood samples. This suggests that polyclonal antibodies established during SARS-CoV-2 infection can recognize and probably decrease severity of MERS-CoV and other coronaviral infections. The high homology of the spike protein domain also suggests that the opposite effect can be true coronaviral infections produce cross-reactive antibodies effective against SARS-CoV-2. The collected data prove that despite the core HR2 region is hidden in the native viral conformation, its exposure during cell entry makes it highly immunogenic. Since inhibitory peptides to this region were previously described, this opens new possibilities in fighting coronaviral infections and developing vaccines effective even after possible viral mutations.This study examines the mediation effects of forgiveness and gratitude in the association between Korean Christian young adults' religiosity and post-traumatic growth. The participants are 296 Christian young adults in Korea. We hypothesize that the association between young Christian young adults' religiosity and post-traumatic growth is mediated by forgiveness and gratitude. The hypothesized model is tested by structural equation modeling. Results confirm that the religiosity of Christian young adults affects post-traumatic growth through forgiveness and gratitude. Adding a direct path from religiosity to post-traumatic growth significantly improved the model fit, which suggests partial mediation of forgiveness and gratitude in the association between religiosity and post-traumatic growth.
  Central sensitization (CS)-related symptoms and pain catastrophizing contribute to persistent post-mastectomy pain (PPMP).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Sunitinib-Malate-(Sutent).html  Pain neuroscience education (PNE) is effective in reducing CS-related symptoms and pain catastrophizing in patients with chronic pain. However, to date, no intervention study of PNE has been conducted to patients with PPMP. This study was aimed to examine whether PNE is more effective than biomedical education (BME) for PPMP.
 
  In this retrospective case-control study, 118 patients were included. We intervened different patients at different times as follows (1) a BME group (n = 58) of patients who received BME combined with physiotherapy and (2) a PNE group (n = 60) of patients who received PNE combined with physiotherapy. One year after surgery, we assessed pain intensity and interference (brief pain inventory [BPI]), CS-related symptoms (central sensitization inventory [CSI]), and pain catastrophizing (pain catastrophizing scale [PCS]). Propensity score matching was used to reduce or minimize selection bias and confounding biases and to make the number of cases in both groups match 11.
 
  Propensity score matching generated the BME group (n = 51) and the PNE group (n = 51). The BPI score, CSI score, and PCS score were statistically significantly lower in the PNE group than in the BME group (all, p < 0.05). The effect sizes for the BPI intensity (r = 0.31) were moderate.
 
  PNE resulted in a better outcome of pain management with less functional disability and CS-related symptoms compared to BME after breast surgery.
 PNE resulted in a better outcome of pain management with less functional disability and CS-related symptoms compared to BME after breast surgery.To meet the needs of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an oncogene-driver, patients have organised into support groups. These groups are building partnerships to provide support and education and to help patients access treatment through sharing information and promoting advocacy. Here, we report findings from a fully anonymised survey conducted in 2020 across the membership of three Facebook-based patient groups in the UK (EGFR Positive UK, ALK Positive UK and ROS-1 Support Group, n = 465). Of 167 respondents, most were women (73.1%), never-smokers (60.5%) and diagnosed with stage IV disease (86.3%). Benefits included feeling better prepared (79.6%), being inspired by other members' experiences (71.3%) and being helped with feelings of isolation (49.0%); notably only 27.5% struggled when members died or with feelings of increased anxiety (3%). These findings from a representative population of oncogene-driven NSCLC patients provide new information on the experience of living with lung cancer and highlight the value of specialised support. These patient support groups represent powerful resources to enable enhanced public and patient engagement and meaningful alliances with key stakeholders to help deliver improvement in outcomes for patients.
  Pure autonomic failure (PAF) results from an impaired peripheral autonomic nervous system, and clinical symptoms present with orthostatic hypotension. While the impact on cardiovascular indices of orthostatic intolerance are well-characterized, more limited information is available regarding cerebral hemodynamic dysfunction in PAF. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that cerebral blood flow (CBF) is reduced in PAF, and to quantify the relationship between CBF and clinical indicators of disease severity, including peripheral supine arterial blood pressure.
 
  Participants with PAF (n = 17) and age- and sex-matched normotensive healthy controls (n = 17) were examined using established clinical rating scales, cardiovascular autonomic function tests, and 3T MRI measurements of CBF. CBF-weighted images were also used to determine the prevalence of venous hyperintensities from the major dural sinuses as evidence of abnormal capillary flow. Nonparametric tests and general linear models were used to evaluate differences and correlations between study variables.