Aim To determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Escherichia coli in South Asia. Methodology A systematic review and meta-analysis of data published in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus. Results The pooled prevalence of ESBL and MBL-producing E. coli in South Asia were 33% (95% CI 27-40%) and 17% (95% CI 12-24%), respectively. The prevalence of blaCTX-M type was 58% (95% CI 49-66%) with blaCTX-M-15 being the most prevalent (51%, 95% CI 40-62%) variant. The most prevalent MBL variant was blaNDM-1 (33%, 95% CI 20-50%). Conclusion This study suggests a high prevalence of ESBLs and MBLs among E. coli clinical isolates. Comprehensive resistance surveillance is required to guide clinicians prescribing antibiotics in South Asia.Aim To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ceftobiprole in patients aged ≥65 years. Materials & methods We conducted a post hoc analysis of three randomized, double-blind, Phase III studies in patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia. Results Findings for patients aged ≥65 years (n = 633) were consistent with those for the overall study populations, although a trend toward improved outcomes was reported in some subgroups, for example, patients aged ≥75 years with community-acquired pneumonia were more likely to achieve an early clinical response with ceftobiprole than comparator (treatment difference 16.3% [95% CI1.8-30.8]). The safety profile was similar between treatment groups in all studies. Conclusion This analysis further supports the efficacy and safety of ceftobiprole in older patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections or pneumonia. Clinicaltrials.gov trial identifiers NCT03137173, NCT00326287, NCT00210964, NCT00229008.Aim Melanin has been linked to pathogenesis in several fungi. They often produce melanin-like pigments in the presence of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), but this is poorly studied in Candida glabrata. Methods & materials C. glabrata was grown in minimal medium with or without L-DOPA supplementation and submitted to a chemical treatment with denaturant and hot acid. Results C. glabrata turned black when grown in the presence of L-DOPA, whereas cells grown without L-DOPA supplementation remained white. Biophysical properties demonstrated that the pigment was melanin. Melanized C. glabrata cells were effectively protected from azoles and amphotericin B, incubation at 42°C and macrophage killing. Conclusion In the presence of L-DOPA, C. glabrata produces melanin, increases antifungal resistance and enhances host survival.Aim To investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin combined with fluconazole against C. albicans in vitro and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Materials & methods Checkerboard microdilution assay and time-kill curve method were employed to evaluate the static and dynamic antifungal effects against C. albicans. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by a fluorescent probe. Results Combination of dihydroartemisinin and fluconazole exerted potent synergy against planktonic cells and biofilms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans, with the fractional inhibitory concentration index values less than 0.07. A potent fungistatic activity of this drug combination could still be observed after 18 h. The accumulation of ROS induced by the drug combination might contribute to the synergy. Conclusion Dihydroartemisinin reversed the resistance of C. albicans to fluconazole.Pelvic exenteration (PE) is one of the most challenging gynecologic oncologic surgeries and is an overriding term for different procedures that entail radical en bloc resection of the female reproductive organs and removal of additional adjacent affected pelvic organs (bladder, rectum, anus, etc.) with concomitant surgical reconstruction to restore bodily functions. Multimodality cross-sectional imaging with MRI, PET/CT, and CT plays an integral part in treatment decision-making, not only for the appropriate patient selection but also for surveillance after surgery. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief background on pelvic exenteration in gynecologic cancers and to familiarize the reader with the critical radiological aspects in the evaluation of patients for this complex procedure. The focus of this review will be on how imaging can aid in treatment planning and guide management.Tweetable abstract An opinion on the coronaviruses' evolution paradoxes, the continuing adaptation of the SARS-CoV-2 in humans following the zoonotic transmission, and clues into escape routes from host immune responses.Objective We evaluated digital consultations at a University Hospital in Switzerland within an integrative medicine outpatient setting. Patients' and treatment providers' (physicians and therapists) evaluated digital conversation-based consultations as well as the digital delivery of practical exercises. Methods Digital consultations between March 15, 2020 and April 30, 2020 were identified. Between June and July 2020, patients and treatment providers completed online questionnaires addressing challenges and advantages of their digital consultations.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bms-265246.html  Both groups documented their satisfaction and working alliance (Working Alliance Inventory). In addition, semistructured qualitative interviews with treatment providers were conducted. Findings A total of 82 online surveys (response rate 47%) about the digital consultations were available for analyses, with 60 patients correctly identifying at least one treatment provider, and 9 interviews were performed. Patients and treatment providers overall evaluated the new setting of digital consultation as feasible and an efficient consultation format. Interestingly, the working alliance was rated as good. Technical problems were mentioned as the main challenge and the delivery of practical exercises in digital consultations was seen more challenging than having digital conversation-based consultations. Conclusion Digital consultations were established with overall positive evaluations and with a good working alliance between patients and providers. For the delivery of practical exercises it might be required to develop more innovative digital settings to overcome shortcomings of the digital format. Hybrid settings that combine the best of both settings could be a good option for future in postpandemic times.