This study describes the solvent and catalyst-free Ugi reaction by way of twin screw extrusion (TSE). Multicomponent chemical synthesis can be converted into a single process without repeated use of solvents through TSE. High synthetic yields are achieved in short reaction times and produced in solvent-free conditions, which lead to a more environmentally friendly process. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.This work reports for the first time the preparation and performance of a nanosensor for the simultaneous detection of metanil yellow and fast green, which are toxic food dyes. For the development of this sensitive platform, the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with calixarene and gold nanoparticles. The sensing ability of the designed nanosensor (calix8/Au NPs/GCE) was tested by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The influence of a number of parameters was investigated for optimizing the conditions to achieve the best response of the target analytes. Due to the synergistic activity of calix[8]arene and Au nanoparticles, the calix8/Au NPs/GCE nanocomposite was found to significantly enhance the signals of the selected food dyes in comparison to bare GCE. Under optimized conditions, limits of detection for metanil yellow and fast green were found to be 9.8 and 19.7 nM, respectively, at the calix8/Au NPs/GCE. The designed sensing platform also demonstrated figures of merit when applied for the sensing of food dyes in real water and juice samples. Moreover, high percent recovery, reproducibility, and stability suggested applicability of the designed electrochemical platform for real sample analysis. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Photothermal therapy (PTT) in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1350 nm) has presented great superiority in cancer treatment recently. However, it is generally limited to a few photothermal agents and most of them often suffer from intricate design and complicated synthesis. Herein, by subtly extracting nanoparticles from ancient ink (AINPs), a versatile AINP dispersion with definite ingredients, good biosafety, and excellent photothermal effect in the NIR-II window was obtained. In vivo trials demonstrated that the obtained AINP dispersion provides a promising alternative for tumor sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping. Besides, under the guidance of photoacoustic imaging, the metastatic SLNs could be accurately eliminated by NIR-II laser irradiation. The preliminary biosafety of AINP dispersion has also been systematically confirmed. Therefore, we believe this work would provide a green and effective strategy for PTT of tumor in the NIR-II window.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dibutyryl-camp-bucladesine.html  Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.The monitoring of insulin, which is the only hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels in the body, plays a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. However, most techniques today involve complicated electrode fabrication and testing processes, which are time-consuming and costly, and require a relatively large volume of sample. To overcome these drawbacks, we present here a low-cost insulin detection method based on a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified by nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2). This novel method only requires 300 μL of insulin sample, and the time it takes for electrode preparation is about 12 times shorter than traditional electrode fabrication methods such as coating and sol-gel methods. The electrochemical behaviors of the Ni(OH)2-coated SPE (NSPE) sensing area in insulin aqueous solutions are studied using cyclic voltammetry, amperometric i-t curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the NSPE sensing surface has excellent detection properties, such as a high sensitivity of 15.3 μA·μM-1 and a low detection limit of 138 nM. It takes a short time (∼10 min) to prepare the NSPE sensing surface, and only two drops (∼300 μL) of insulin samples are required in the detection process. Moreover, the selectivity of this method for insulin detection is verified by detecting mixtures of insulin and ascorbic acid or bovine hemoglobin. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications of this method by detecting various concentrations of insulin in human serum. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Certain pyridothienopyrimidine derivatives exhibit antiatheroscleorotic, antibacterial, antiviral, antidepressant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anticancer, antihistaminic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, analgesic, and neurotropic activities. 4-Hydrazino-7,9-dimethylpyrido[3',2'4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (1) is a reported pyridothienopyrimidine derivative. In the current study, (1) has been reacted with different reagents to obtain 12 new pyridothienopyrimidine derivatives. The newly synthesized five-membered heterocyclic rings incorporated with pyridothienopyrimidines have been screened for their antibacterial activities. The results encourage further studies on other possible biological activities. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Acid-fracturing treatment schedules usually contain diversion stages either to reduce fluid loss or equally stimulate pay zones. Near-wellbore diversion employs solid or mechanical diverters to direct acid to less-stimulated zones. This study focuses on the impact of near-wellbore diversion on the acid fracturing of calcite/dolomite laminated formations. The study was performed using an integrated acid fracture and productivity model. Simulations showed that when acid preferentially etches more reactive lamina, channels with infinite conductivity can be achieved. Nevertheless, deploying diverters to equally stimulate pay zones can result in less conductive but equally stimulated zones. The productivity model showed that the preferential etching that naturally occurs when injecting acid results in better well performance, if a continuous pay zone is assumed. This study also shows that the optimum acid fracture design conditions in laminated formations are similar to those of calcite-dominated formations. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.